# Liquidations

> Liquidation markers, modelled liquidation levels and measured Hyperliquid take-profit, stop and liquidation maps.

Flowscope shows liquidations three ways: the forced liquidations that already happened, where liquidations are likely to sit according to a model, and, on Hyperliquid, where real positions have their liquidations, stops and take-profits.

| Study | Group | Source | Measured or modelled |
|---|---|---|---|
| Liquidations | Positioning | Venue liquidation streams | Measured |
| Liquidation Heatmap | Heatmaps | Open interest and taker flow | Modelled |
| Hyperliquid Take Profit Heatmap | Heatmaps | Hyperliquid accounts | Measured |
| Hyperliquid Stop Loss Heatmap | Heatmaps | Hyperliquid accounts | Measured |
| Hyperliquid Liquidations Heatmap | Heatmaps | Hyperliquid accounts | Measured |
| Footprint Hyperliquid OI, NL, NS | Footprint | Hyperliquid trades and accounts | Measured |

## Liquidation markers

The **Liquidations** study marks forced liquidations on the price pane, longs and shorts in their own colours. Set **Hide below USD** to show only the large ones. It is on the heatmap charts of the presets by default.

Liquidations come from the venues' websocket streams on derivatives markets. Per-bar totals are also available as [Bar Stats](/docs/app/bar-stats) rows.

## Liquidation heatmap {#liquidation-heatmap}

The **Liquidation Heatmap** estimates where open positions would be liquidated, on Binance Futures, Bybit and OKX. Aggregated markets sum the venues.

How the model works:

1. Added open interest in each interval is attributed to longs or shorts by taker side, at the interval's VWAP.
2. Each entry is projected to liquidation prices at 5×, 10×, 25×, 50×, 75× and 100× leverage, weighted 10 %, 25 %, 30 %, 15 %, 8 % and 12 %, with a maintenance margin of 0.4 %.
3. A level is removed when price trades through it. Falling open interest shrinks the closing side.

Levels are recorded as runs and drawn like the order-book heatmap.

### Profile at the price axis

**Profile of the standing levels at the price axis** (on by default) draws the levels standing now as a horizontal profile at the right edge of the chart, left of the book profile, in the heatmap's colours. The largest long level (below price) and short level (above) are written beside it, for example `L $140K`. Rows are merged to at least 4 px.

| Setting | Effect |
|---|---|
| Profile | **Filled** rows, or an **Outline** around them |
| Profile width (px) | 90 by default |
| Profile scale | Stretches the bars (the largest may run past the width), 1.0 by default |
| Ticks per row | The profile's row height in ticks; 0 (default) picks rows about 4 px tall |
| Profile: 5× … 100× leverage | Which leverage tiers the profile counts |

Every standing level keeps its notional per leverage tier, also on aggregated markets, so turning tiers off shows, for example, only the high-leverage levels close to price. Levels restored from a saved session count by the tiers' weights until positions open at their price again. The heatmap itself always shows every tier.

> [!IMPORTANT]
> This is a model. Real leverage and entry prices are not public on these venues. Treat the bands as zones where liquidations are plausible, not as orders.

## Hyperliquid maps

Hyperliquid is transparent: every trade names its buyer and seller, and any account's positions and orders can be read. Flowscope uses that to show where real positions keep their take-profits, stops and liquidation prices. These maps are measured, not modelled.

The three heatmaps:

| Heatmap | Draws |
|---|---|
| Take Profit | Resting take-profit orders: long TPs (sells above) and short TPs (buys below) |
| Stop Loss | Resting stop-loss orders of longs and shorts |
| Liquidations | Liquidation prices of longs and shorts, sized `\|size\| × liquidation price` |

Every 10 seconds each coin is sampled into price buckets of about 0.02 % of the price. Position TP/SL orders count the whole position; sized ones count at most the position. Triggers that cannot close the position, and levels more than 4× away from the mark, are ignored.

Each heatmap has its own colour ramp (Thermal by default), range slider, contrast, saturation and opacity.

### Which charts show them

The maps are per Hyperliquid coin, and Flowscope finds the coin from any market of it: `BTCUSDT`, `BTC-USDT-SWAP` and the aggregate `BTC` all map to Hyperliquid `BTC`; `1000PEPE` maps to `kPEPE`. You can lay the Hyperliquid maps over a Binance chart of the same coin. A market with no source shows a note instead.

### Coverage

The maps are only as complete as the set of accounts Flowscope has read. **Coverage** is the share of Hyperliquid's open interest held by the tracked accounts.

| Mode | How accounts are found | Typical coverage |
|---|---|---|
| From the hub | The complete trade stream plus a leaderboard seed of accounts worth $50k or more | 32–41 % of open interest after 15 minutes (measured on BTC, ETH, SOL, HYPE) |
| In-process (a coin the hub does not record) | Samples of the latest 10 trades every 5 seconds per open coin | Lower: BTC reached 3.8 % of open interest after 5 minutes in a test with in-process budgets |

For a coin the hub does not record, discovery finds frequent and large traders first and small accounts slowly, history starts when you open the coin, and there are no positioning footprints. When the data hub records the coin, Flowscope loads the last 3 hours, refreshes every 10 seconds and loads older history as you scroll back. See [Recorder: Hyperliquid](/docs/recorder/hyperliquid).

## Hyperliquid positioning footprints

Three footprint studies draw, per bar and price, what Hyperliquid trades did to positions:

| Study | Each cell shows |
|---|---|
| Footprint Hyperliquid OI | Change of open interest: buyer's plus seller's change of long size |
| Footprint Hyperliquid NL | Net longs: longs opened minus longs closed by the aggressor |
| Footprint Hyperliquid NS | Net shorts: shorts opened minus shorts closed by the aggressor |

A taker buy that flips a short into a long counts as a closed short plus an opened long. **Display** draws the values as a **cluster** (numbers in shaded cells) or a **profile** (bars growing from the bar's left edge).

These footprints need the complete trade stream, so they are only available from the data hub's [recorder](/docs/recorder/hyperliquid). Each minute also records how much of the volume each figure covers; open-interest changes are counted only where both sides of a trade are tracked.